Peljhan was born on 11 October 1969 in Nova Gorica. From 1988 to 1992 he studied at the Ljubljana Academy of Theatre, Radio, Film and Television, where he graduated with a specialization in theatre and radio direction. In 1992 he founded the non-profit art organisation Atol Project; its main activity is interdisciplinary research and the blending of art, science and society. Atol has carried out several projects: Egorhythms, Ladomir-Faktura and Microlab, which led to the interdisciplinary project Macrolab (presented for the first time at documenta X in Kassel in 1997; the final event is planned for 2007 in Antarctica). In 1995 Peljhan founded Pact Systems, a technological branch of Atol. He is one of the cofounders of the Ljubljana Digital Media Lab - Ljudmila (1996), the coordinator of the Insular Technologies international initiative, and associate of Kiberpipa, which was founded in 2001 in Ljubljana. In 2000 he received a special award in the German town of Karlsruhe for establishing links between architecture, town planning and contemporary art, and in 2001 he received the Golden Nica Award at Ars Electronica in Linz for the interactive project Polar (together with Karsten Nicolai). His work consists of video, performance art, communication projects and events in which he employs state-of-the-art scientific technology. He often gives lectures on his projects.